Cavernous malformations, also known as cavernous angiomas or cavernomas, are abnormal clusters of blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord. These clusters are made up of thin-walled blood vessels that are prone to leaking blood, leading to symptoms such as seizures, headaches, and neurological deficits. Cavernous malformations can be discovered incidentally or may present with more severe symptoms, depending on their location and size. Treatment options may include medication to manage symptoms, surgery to remove the malformation, or radiation therapy. Research in this area focuses on understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying cavernous malformations, improving diagnostic techniques, and developing new treatment strategies to improve outcomes for patients with this condition.